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VERIFIED COMPLAINT AND APPLICATION FOR ORDER DIRECTING CUSTODIAN TO SHOW CAUSE

DISTRICT COURT, PITKIN COUNTY, COLORADO

Court Address:

506 E. Main, Suite 300

Aspen, Colorado 81611

Plaintiff(s):

MARILYN MARKS, a resident of the City of Aspen,Colorado

v.

Defendant(s):

KATHRYN KOCH, City Clerk of the City of Aspen,Colorado

 

COURT USE ONLY

 

Attorney for Plaintiff:

Robert A. McGuire

ROBERT A. MCGUIRE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, LLC

1624 Market Street, Suite 202

Denver, Colorado 80202

Case Number:

Phone Number: 303-734-7175 Div.: Ctrm.:

FAX Number: 303-734-7166

E-mail: ram@lawram.com

Atty. Reg. #: 037134

 

VERIFIED COMPLAINT AND APPLICATION FOR ORDER DIRECTING CUSTODIAN TO SHOW CAUSE

 

Plaintiff, Marilyn Marks, by and through her undersigned counsel, Robert A. McGuire,

Attorney at Law, LLC, for her Complaint against the Defendant, states as follows:

 

NATURE OF THE COMPLAINT AND APPLICATION

 

1. This is a civil action brought under the Colorado Open Records Act (“CORA”), § 24-

72-201, et seq., C.R.S., in which the Plaintiff applies to this Court for an order under § 24-72-

204(5), C.R.S., directing the Defendant to show cause why the Plaintiff should not be permitted

to inspect approximately 2,544 individual computer files containing the scanned graphical

images of anonymous ballots cast in the Aspen municipal election held on May 5, 2009; and in

which the Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief restraining the Defendant from destroying or

permitting the destruction of the records sought by the Plaintiff until after the final resolution of

this action, including the final resolution of all appeals.

 

2. Because the Defendant has improperly denied the Plaintiff’s statutory right to inspect

these records, the Plaintiff seeks an award of court costs and reasonable attorney fees under § 24-

72-204(5), C.R.S.

 

PARTIES, JURISDICTION, AND VENUE

 

3. The Plaintiff, Marilyn Marks, is a resident of the City of Aspen, Colorado.

 

4. The Plaintiff is a former candidate for mayor of the City of Aspen, who seeks to

obtain certain public records that she needs in order adequately to assess the merits of the instant-

runoff voting (“IRV”) tabulation mechanism currently in use for elections in the City of Aspen.

 

5. The Plaintiff seeks to participate knowledgeably in Aspen’s ongoing public debate

over IRV and to learn enough about the IRV tabulation process to prepare appropriate proposals

for needed election reforms.

 

6. Defendant Kathryn Koch is the City Clerk of the City of Aspen, Colorado. Defendant

is sued in her capacity as the custodian of the public records that the Plaintiff seeks to inspect.

 

7. This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter at issue because this is a civil

action, Colo. Const. Art. VI, § 9(1), brought under § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., which specifically

confers jurisdiction to hear the Plaintiff’s application upon this Court as the district court of the

district wherein the public records sought by the Plaintiff are found.

 

8. CORA governs inspection of the public records sought by the Plaintiff because of its

general statewide application and pursuant to Section 4.15 of the Home Rule Charter for the City

of Aspen, Colorado.

 

9. Venue properly lies in Pitkin County, Colorado, pursuant to C.R.C.P. 98(c) because

the City of Aspen, where the Defendant performs her official duties as custodian of the records

sought by the Plaintiff, is located in Pitkin County and because the Plaintiff resides in Pitkin

County at the time service of this Complaint is made there on the Defendant.

 

GENERAL ALLEGATIONS

 

10. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

11. The City of Aspen conducted its most recent biennial municipal election on May 5,

2009, pursuant to Section 2.2 of the Home Rule Charter of the City of Aspen, Colorado.

 

12. The May 5, 2009, election was the first election conducted by the City of Aspen

under new instant runoff voting rules established by the Aspen City Council for use in the

mayoral and two city council races.

 

13. On election night, the tabulation of ballots under the new IRV rules was conducted by

TrueBallot, Inc. (“TBI”), a Maryland corporation engaged in the business of election and ballot

administration, under a Balloting Agreement between TBI and the City of Aspen.

 

14. TBI’s procedures for tabulating ballots in Aspen’s municipal election, a true and

complete copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 1, consisted of a five-step process, see Ex.

1, at 3, that was performed collaboratively by TBI and election officials working together on

election night.

 

15. The first step of the TBI tabulation process was to scan the original paper ballots cast

in the election and save each resulting digital photographic image as a single computer file in

tagged image file format (“TIFF”) under a unique filename that ended in a numbered suffix

related to the ballot’s sequential position in the scanning order. See id.

 

16. The second and third steps of the TBI tabulation process involved extracting,

reviewing and correcting voter rankings, not from the original paper ballots, but rather from the

digital photographic images generated by scanning in the first step of the tabulation process. See

id.

 

17. The fourth and fifth steps of the TBI tabulation process involved tallying the results in

the mayoral and city council races by performing further processing on the vote rankings

extracted from the images in the second and third steps. See id.

 

18. The Defendant and/or the City of Aspen has, on information and belief, released to

the public all of the data created by TBI during the vote tabulation process, except for the digital

photographic images created in the very first step of the tabulation process.

 

19. TBI’s written explanation of its procedures states that independent verification of the

second and third steps of the tabulation process is accomplished by comparing the data extracted

in those steps against the digital photographic images created in the first step. See id.

 

20. Without access to the digital photographic images of the original paper ballots,

therefore, independent verification of the tabulation process is impossible.

 

21. The Plaintiff, who ran in the election as a candidate for mayor of Aspen, received

1,124 votes (or approximately 46.4% of the votes counted in the mayoral race), but was defeated

by her opponent, the incumbent mayor, who was credited with 1,301 votes (or 53.6% of the

votes counted).

 

22. The Plaintiff is aware of irregularities that occurred in the May 5 election involving

the IRV tabulation procedure and the Defendant’s subsequent auditing of the tabulation process

including, on information and belief, at least the following:

 

On election night, TBI used a tabulation program configuration that was different

from the one it had tested in the public Logic and Accuracy Test and that reflected

the IRV tabulation rules of Cambridge, Massachusetts, instead of the IRV rules

approved for Aspen’s election by the Aspen City Council. As a result, the vote

tally reported in the Plaintiff’s mayoral race on election night was incorrect. See

Sally Spaulding, Press Release, Mayoral Vote Tally Corrected; Outcome Stays

the Same, May 28, 2009, attached hereto as Exhibit 2.

TBI informed the Defendant of this error on or about May 19, 2009, when three

days still remained in the statutory period for initiating an election contest, but the

Defendant did not act to make TBI’s error or the corrected vote totals known to

the community, the Election Commission or the candidates, including the

Plaintiff, until a full nine days later, or almost a week after the statutory period for

contesting the election had expired.

An “audit” of the ballots by the Defendant conducted on May 7, 2009, to “make

sure that the rankings on the ballots corresponded to the electronic records,” see

Ex. 2, at 2, was performed using a non-random selection from a subset of ballots

that excluded over 800 walk-in votes and approximately 239 mail votes (i.e.,

approximately 41% of the total mayoral votes counted) and thus is an inadequate

indicator of the accuracy of the second and third steps of TBI’s tabulation process.

 

23. In order to precisely understand how this election worked, the Plaintiff desires to

perform a truly independent verification of the IRV tabulation procedure, and the Plaintiff

therefore requires access to the digital photographic images created and saved as TIFF files

during the first step of TBI’s tabulation process.

 

THE PUBLIC RECORDS SOUGHT BY THE PLAINTIFF

 

24. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

25. Approximately 2,544 TIFF files, each containing a digital photographic image of a

single ballot, were created by TBI during the tabulation process on election night.

 

26. During the tabulation process, on information and belief, complete or partial contents

of each of the 2,544 individual TIFF files were disclosed to the public at least once by projection

for approximately 1-3 seconds onto large video screens that the Defendant and TBI had set up in

the tabulation center to facilitate both public observation and official review of the tabulation

process.

 

27. Members of the public in the tabulation center at City Hall, where TBI and the

Defendant performed the tabulation process, observed the projected images of many individual

TIFF files.

 

28. This public accessibility conformed to TBI’s and the Defendant’s agreed

predetermined process for conducting the tabulation. See Ex. 1, at 1 (“All steps performed by

TrueBallot will be publicly observable and will occur under direction of city election officials.

Projectors can be attached to each of the TrueBallot computers to make it easy for the audience

to follow the steps.”)

 

29. A large number of the projected images showing contents of TIFF files were also

broadcast live to the public on Grassroots TV Channel 12 in Aspen.

 

30. A recording of the Grassroots TV 12 election-night broadcast, including footage of

ballot images projected in the tabulation center, continues to be available for download on the

Internet at Show Detail: 2009 City of Aspen Municipal Election Coverage LIVE, (May 5, 2009)

http://vod.grassrootstv.org/cablecast/public/Show.aspx?ChannelID=1&ShowID=8097.

A selection of four example frozen frames from this recorded broadcast, showing four

photographic images of TIFF file contents that were publicly disclosed during the tabulation, are

attached hereto as Exhibit 3.

 

31. The Defendant was aware that this public disclosure of the images of many individual

TIFF files was happening on election night but, on information and belief, did not object or

interfere.

 

32. On information and belief, the 2,544 TIFF files created by TBI in the first step of its

tabulation process conducted on May 5, 2009, are stored on a computer disk that TBI provided to

the Defendant after the tabulation of the Aspen election results was completed on or about May

5, 2009.

 

33. On information and belief, the disk containing these approximately 2,544 digital

photographic images of anonymous ballots is currently being kept and maintained as “other

official election records” by the Defendant in Pitkin County pursuant to section 31-10-616(2),

C.R.S.

 

APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF CORA

 

34. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

35. Section 24-72-204, C.R.S., provides, in pertinent part, as follows:

(1) The custodian of any public records shall allow any person the right of

inspection of such records or any portion thereof except on one or more of

the following grounds or as provided in subsection (2) or (3) of this

section:

(a) Such inspection would be contrary to any state statute.

(b) Such inspection would be contrary to any federal statute or

regulation issued thereunder having the force and effect of law.

….

36. Section 24-72-202, C.R.S., provides, in pertinent part, as follows:

(1.1) “Custodian” means and includes the official custodian or any authorized

person having personal custody and control of the public records in

question.

(2) “Official custodian” means and includes any officer or employee

of…any…political subdivision of the state…who is responsible for the

maintenance, care and keeping of public records, regardless of whether the

records are in his or her actual personal custody and control.

(5) “Political Subdivision” means and includes every…city…within this state.

(6)(a)(I) “Public records” means and includes all writings made, maintained, or

kept by…[a] political subdivision of the state…for use in the exercise of

functions required or authorized by law or administrative rule or involving

the receipt or expenditure of public funds.

(7) “Writings” means and includes…all…documentary materials, regardless

of physical form or characteristics. “Writings” includes digitally stored

data….

37. Section 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., provides, in pertinent part, as follows:

…any person denied the right to inspect any record covered by this part 2 may apply

to the district court of the district wherein the record is found for an order directing

the custodian of such record to show cause why the custodian should not permit the

inspection of such record;

except that, at least three business days prior to filing an application with the district

court, the person who has been denied the right to inspect the record shall file a

written notice with the custodian who has denied the right to inspect the record

informing said custodian that the person intends to file an application with the district

court.

Hearing on such application shall be held at the earliest practical time.

Unless the court finds that the denial of the right of inspection was proper, it shall

order the custodian to permit such inspection and shall award court costs and

reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing applicant in an amount to be determined by

the court.

….

THE PLAINTIFF’S CORA REQUEST

 

38. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

39. On June 1, 2009, the Plaintiff, seeking to assess IRV implementation at the May 5,

2009, Aspen municipal election for purposes of participating in future public debate on Aspen’s

use of the IRV voting method, submitted a request to the Defendant under the Colorado Open

Records Act, § 24-72-201, et seq., C.R.S., seeking to inspect “the complete tiff images, including

tiff file names of the ballots from the May, 2009 election.” A true and correct copy of this

request is attached hereto, and incorporated, as Exhibit 4.

 

THE DEFENDANT’S DENIALS OF THE PLAINTIFF’S RIGHT OF INSPECTION UNDER CORA

 

40. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

41. On June 4, 2009, counsel for the Defendant denied the Plaintiff’s CORA request to

inspect digital photographs created from ballots, citing as grounds a state statute that provides for

the safekeeping of, and restricts physical access to, actual ballots, § 31-10-616, C.R.S. A true

and correct copy of this letter is attached and incorporated as Exhibit 5.

 

42. The Defendant’s letter of June 4 also cited as grounds for denying the Plaintiff’s right

of inspection the City’s obligation to ensure the constitutional guarantee of a secret ballot, Colo.

Const. Art. VII, § 8. See Ex. 5.

 

43. Subsequent private correspondence between the Plaintiff and the Defendant’s counsel

showed that the Defendant had adopted the legal view that the TIFF files, although not ballots

themselves, were to be regarded as “ballots” for purposes of § 31-10-616(1), C.R.S.

 

44. On July 9, 2009, for example, counsel for the Defendant reiterated the Defendant’s

denial of the Plaintiff’s right of inspection on the basis of § 31-10-616, C.R.S., by stating that “if

we are prohibited from providing direct access to the ballots, we also cannot provide access to

the images.” A true and correct copy of this email is attached and incorporated as Exhibit 6.

 

45. The Defendant in subsequent correspondence with the Plaintiff also cited as grounds

for denial the Defendant’s concern that anonymity of the ballots would be jeopardized by

disclosure of TIFF files showing write-in votes written in personally identifiable handwriting.

 

46. During July, the Plaintiff noted that the City had posted on its official website a

statement under the link “Why has City staff denied a citizen’s request to inspect the ballot

images from the last municipal election?” that appeared to be intended as a public response to the

Plaintiff’s CORA request. A true and correct copy of this statement is attached and incorporated

as Exhibit 7.

 

47. The Defendant’s public statement disputed the significance of the prior public

disclosure of TIFF files on election night; and reiterated the Defendant’s concern, as grounds for

denial, that anonymity of the ballots in the election would be jeopardized if the TIFF files were

disclosed to the Plaintiff. The statement stated: “Anonymity, or secrecy, is guaranteed only by

ensuring that the ballots, and copies of the ballots, are kept completely secure and eventually

destroyed.” See Ex. 7, at 2.

 

48. The Plaintiff also noted further public statements made in July and August by

identified officials of the City of Aspen apparently setting forth grounds for the Defendant’s

denial of the Plaintiff’s right to inspect the TIFF files, including the following:

“There are ways that those anonymous ballots could become identifiable. Simply

if people put a mark in the corner or something they would recognize their ballot.

Later on you could identify whose ballot is whose." See Aspen: Ballots are

exempt from state open records law, Face The State (July 31, 2009)

http://facethestate.com/articles/17853-aspen-ballots-are-exempt-state-open-records-law  

(statement of John Worcester, counsel for Defendant).

 

“Although ballots cast don’t include the voter’s name, it’s possible the ballot

could be otherwise identified if the voter made some distinctive marking on the

ballot.” See Curtis Wackerle, City Sticks to Position Not to Release Ballots,

Aspen Daily News (Aug 12, 2009)

http://www.aspendailynews.com/section/home/136054

  (statement of City of Aspen Mayor Mick Ireland)

 

“[I]t might be possible for someone to run a sophisticated calculation matching

voter rolls with the order in which ballots were cast. If this were to happen, the

city would be in clear violation of the law for releasing the ballots.” See Curtis

Wackerle, More Calls for Release of Ballots, Aspen Daily News (Aug. 24, 2009),

http://www.aspendailynews.com/section/home/136238   (statement by counsel

for Defendant Jim True).

 

“It is correct to refer to the ballots as being ‘anonymous,’ but only as long as they

remained locked up. State laws that prohibit the release of ballots seek to

guarantee that no one can discern anyone else’s ballot after they have been cast.

This preserves the anonymity of the ballots.” See Sally Spaulding, City Responds

to Ballot Issue, Aspen Times (Aug. 27, 2009)

http://www.aspentimes.com/article/20090827/LETTER/908269987   (letter to the

editor by the Community Relations Director of the City of Aspen).

 

49. The Defendant’s concern (expressed through counsel and by several other Aspen

officials apparently on the Defendant’s behalf) that the Plaintiff’s inspection of the requested

records might threaten ballot secrecy to the extent that some voters could have made distinctive

markings on their ballots disregards the fact that it is illegal in Colorado for a voter to mark his

own ballot so as to render it identifiable, both for elections held under the Colorado Municipal

Election Code, § 31-10-1517, C.R.S., and for elections held under the Uniform Election Code of

1992, § 1-13-712(1), C.R.S.

 

50. Furthermore, the Defendant’s broader concern that the Plaintiff’s inspection of the

requested records might threaten ballot secrecy generally can only be understood to mean that

the Defendant believes the ballots used by the City of Aspen contain some kind of information

that makes them personally identifiable.

 

51. If it is indeed the Defendant’s position that the ballots are somehow inherently

personally identifiable (through inspection of the TIFF files), then the ballots themselves must

violate the anonymity in balloted voting that is required by Article VII, Section 8, of the

Colorado Constitution.

 

52. The proper remedy for such a patterned violation of the constitutional requirement of

ballot secrecy is not for the Defendant to engage in a prophylactic denial of the Plaintiff’s right

to inspect public records under CORA, but is, rather, for this Court to perform its “duty” of

declaring any such tainted election to be void ab initio. See Taylor v. Pile, 154 Colo. 516, 523

(1964).

 

53. Voiding the election is not the relief that the Plaintiff requests in this action, but it is

the only relief properly warranted if the Defendant insists the TIFF files cannot be inspected by

the Plaintiff consistently with ballot anonymity.

 

54. The Colorado Constitution’s guarantee of secrecy in voting means that a voter’s

ballot should not be personally identifiable to anyone, including the government. To the extent

that the Defendant asserts that the constitutional provision for secrecy in voting will be violated

by allowing the Plaintiff to inspect the requested records, that secrecy must already be breached

by virtue of the government’s own possession of those same records.

 

55. Without conceding any merit in the Defendant’s assertion that the Plaintiff’s

inspection of the TIFF files might somehow threaten ballot secrecy, the Plaintiff nevertheless

offered on July 20, 2009, to narrow her request expressly to exclude any TIFF files showing

write-in votes (this July correspondence, with the Defendant’s reply, is attached and incorporated

as Exhibit 8); and again offered on September 15, 2009, to narrow her request to permit the

Defendant to withhold altogether any TIFF image that the Defendant reasonably believed to

show markings that compromised the anonymity of the original paper ballot associated with that

TIFF file (this September correspondence, with the Defendant’s reply, is attached and

incorporated as Exhibit 9).

 

56. Both of the Plaintiff’s proposed narrower versions of her CORA request were denied

by the Defendant through counsel on substantially the same grounds as set out in the Defendant’s

initial denial and in the statements publicly made by City officials and referred to above. See Ex.

8; Ex. 9.

 

57. Foreseeing the likelihood that the Plaintiff would need to seek an application to this

Court for an Order under § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., on August 27, 2009, the Plaintiff, through her

undersigned counsel, wrote the Defendant advising of the Plaintiff’s intent to file this action

pursuant to CORA based upon the Defendant’s repeated denials of the Plaintiff’s CORA request.

A true and correct copy of this letter is attached and incorporated as Exhibit 10. This letter

provided the three business days notice required pursuant to § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., that the

Plaintiff intended to seek judicial relief in this Court in the absence of the Defendant’s

production of the records sought.

 

58. As of the date of filing of this action, the Defendant continues to refuse to permit the

Plaintiff to inspect the public records at issue.

 

DEFENDANT’S INTENTION TO DESTROY RECORDS

 

59. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

60. The Defendant has communicated to the Plaintiff publicly and through counsel that

she considers herself obliged to destroy the TIFF files sought by the Plaintiff on or around

November 5, 2009, because of the Defendant’s view that the records sought are equivalent to

actual ballots and because § 31-10-616(1), C.R.S., requires ballots to be destroyed six months

after an election. See Ex. 9, at 1.

 

61. Based on the Defendant’s view that the records sought are equivalent to ballots, the

Defendant may also at any time adopt the view that she is required to destroy the TIFF files by

the Plaintiff sooner than November 5, 2009, since the second trigger for mandatory destruction

of ballots in § 31-10-616(1), C.R.S., occurs when “the time has expired for which the ballots

would be needed in any contest proceedings,” and such time may already have expired.

 

62. Plaintiff contends that the records sought are not “ballots,” including for purposes of

§ 31-10-616(1), C.R.S., but are instead “official election records” for purposes of § 31-10-

616(2), C.R.S.

 

63. Official election records must be preserved “for at least six months following a

regular or special election” (emphasis added), § 31-10-616(2), C.R.S., but their continued

preservation thereafter appears to be at the discretion of the Defendant.

 

64. The Plaintiff reasonably anticipates that this action will not reach a final resolution,

including the final resolution of all appeals, on or before November 5, 2009.

 

65. The TIFF files sought by the Plaintiff as public records are therefore in danger of

being destroyed by the Defendant unless this Court orders the Defendant to refrain from

destroying such records.

 

66. On information and belief, the Defendant possesses the only copy in existence of the

records sought that are subject to the Plaintiff’s right of public inspection under CORA.

 

67. On information and belief, the operational burden and expense borne by the

Defendant as a result of preserving one or more computer disks are negligible.

 

68. On information and belief, the Defendant would suffer no damage or costs if she were

obliged to continue to preserve the computer disk(s) that contain the records sought by the

Plaintiff for the duration of this action.

 

CLAIM FOR RELIEF

 

(Application for Order Directing Custodian to Show Cause under § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S.)

 

69. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here.

 

70. The Plaintiff is a “person” entitled to inspect public records under § 24-72-204(1),

C.R.S.

 

71. Because the records requested by the Plaintiff are digitally stored data that constitute

“writings”, § 24-72-202(7), C.R.S., that are “made, maintained or kept” by a “political

subdivision” of the State, for use in the exercise of the functions required or authorized by law,

the records requested by the Plaintiff are “public records.” See § 24-72-202(6)(a)(I), C.R.S.

 

72. The Defendant as City Clerk of the City of Aspen is, pursuant to § 31-10-616(2),

C.R.S., the official custodian and a “custodian” of the public records sought by the Plaintiff. See

§ 24-72-202(1.1), C.R.S.

 

73. The Defendant is unable to establish that the public records sought by the Plaintiff are

exempt from the Plaintiff’s right of inspection established by § 24-72-204(1), C.R.S.

 

74. Because the Defendant has previously permitted the public disclosure of the public

records sought by the Plaintiff, the Defendant cannot now in good faith deny the Plaintiff’s right

of inspection of those same records.

 

75. The Plaintiff gave the Defendant more than three business days written notice of the

Plaintiff’s intention apply to this Court, pursuant to § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., before she filed this

Verified Complaint and Application For Order Directing Custodian To Show Cause.

 

76. Pursuant to § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S., the Plaintiff is now entitled to and does hereby

apply for an Order directing the Defendant to show cause why the Defendant should not permit

inspection of the public records sought by the Plaintiff.

 

77. The Plaintiff is now entitled to a hearing on this application “at the earliest practical

time,” as provided by § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S.

 

DEMAND FOR TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDER AND PRELIMINARY INJUNCTIVE RELIEF

 

78. The Plaintiff incorporates by reference the foregoing paragraphs as if fully rewritten

here

 

79. The Plaintiff requests that this Court enter a temporary restraining order and

preliminary injunction restraining the Defendant from destroying or permitting the destruction of

the records sought by the Plaintiff until after the final resolution of this action, including the final

resolution of all appeals.

 

80. There is a reasonable probability that the Plaintiff will prevail on the merits, since the

records sought by the Plaintiff are within the meaning of “public records” as defined in CORA,

§ 24-72-202(6)(a)(I), C.R.S., and the records sought are not subject to any exception to the

Plaintiff’s right of inspection set out in the CORA statute or established by other applicable law.

 

81. If the Defendant were to destroy the records sought before the final resolution of this

action on the merits, such destruction would cause a real, immediate, and irreparable injury to the

Plaintiff in the form of a permanent frustration of the Plaintiff’s right to inspect the destroyed

public records.

 

82. There is no plain, speedy, and adequate remedy at law sufficient to protect the

Plaintiff’s rights other than the injunctive relief hereby requested, because the Defendant may,

unless enjoined by this Court, at any moment destroy the records sought by the Plaintiff and

render the Plaintiff’s action moot.

 

83. The temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction requested, if issued,

would not be adverse to the public interest because neither would impair the interests or rights of

persons not parties to this action.

 

84. At the same time, both the temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction

would prevent the Defendant from frustrating the judicial remedy established by § 24-72-204(5),

C.R.S., which exists specifically to protect members of the public, like the Plaintiff, from

improper denials by custodians of the right to inspect public records.

 

85. The injury to the Plaintiff threatened by the Defendant’s destruction of the records

sought greatly outweighs whatever damage the proposed temporary restraining order and

preliminary injunction may cause the Defendant, since the Defendant will suffer, at most,

negligible costs or damages as a result of being enjoined from destroying the records, even if the

Defendant is wrongfully enjoined or restrained until the final resolution of this action.

 

86. The injunctive relief requested by the Plaintiff will preserve the status quo pending a

final resolution of this action on the merits, since the Defendant already serves as the current

custodian of the records sought by the Plaintiff and would continue to do so if enjoined by this

Court from destroying those records until after the final resolution of this action.

 

87. A temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction are appropriate under

C.R.C.P. 65 and should be granted by the Court.

 

PRAYER FOR RELIEF

 

WHEREFORE, Plaintiff Marilyn Marks respectfully requests that the Court will:

a. Schedule a hearing “at the earliest practical time” on the Plaintiff’s application for an

Order directing the Defendant to show cause why the Defendant should not permit the

inspection of the records sought by the Plaintiff; and on the Plaintiff’s demand for a

temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction;

b. Enter forthwith an Order directing the Defendant to show cause in the form of the

attached [Proposed] Order Granting Application for Order Directing Custodian to Show

Cause;

c. Enter forthwith a temporary restraining order in the form of the attached [Proposed]

Order Granting Temporary Restraining Order;

d. Enter a preliminary injunction in the form of the attached [Proposed] Order Granting

Preliminary Injunction;

e. Schedule a hearing at which the Defendant shall show cause;

f. Unless the Defendant is able to show cause, enter an Order directing the Defendant to

permit inspection of the records sought by the Plaintiff as required by § 24-72-204(5),

C.R.S.;

g. Unless the Defendant is able to show cause, award the Plaintiff her court costs and

reasonable attorney fees as required by § 24-72-204(5), C.R.S.; and

f. Award such other relief as the Court deems just and proper.

Respectfully submitted this 8th day of October, 2009.

 

By: S/ Robert A. McGuire_______________

Robert A. McGuire, Reg. No. 37134

1624 Market Street, Suite 202

Denver, Colorado 80202

(303) 734-7175

(303) 734-7166 Fax

ram@lawram.com

Attorney for Plaintiff Marilyn Marks

Plaintiff’s Address:

930 West Francis Street

Aspen, Colorado 81611

 

VERIFICATION

 

)

) ss.

)

STATE OF COLORADO

COUNTY OF PITKIN

I, Marilyn R. Marks, after having read and examined the above, state that the above and

foregoing VERIFIED COMPLAINT AND APPLICATION FOR ORDER DIRECTING

CUSTODIAN TO SHOW CAUSE is true and correct to the best of my knowledge.

 

S/ Marilyn Marks_______________

[Name and title]

 

SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN TO before me this 8th day of October, 2009, by Marilyn Marks.

 

Witness my hand and official seal.

 

My commission expires: 12/8/2011

S/ Monica Clukey

Notary

S/ Monica Clukey

S/ Notary Public

S/ State of Colorado

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